Motor.



C. 1. LAKE.

MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED IAN.28, Isis.

1,279,367. Patented sept. 17,1918.

`ATTORNEY lGERISTOPHEIR, J'. LAKE, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

MOTOR.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHRISTOPHER J. LAKE, citizen of the United States,and resident of Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMotors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to internal combustion motors` and it is directedparticularly to improvements applicable withy means such as aredisclosed in my earlier Patent No. 971,760, in which moistened air,heated in the cylinder jacketq is caused to contribute propulsiveenergyt-o the piston, besides functioning as a cylinder cooling medium.

Briefly stated, my said improvements consist of means, operable by themotor, wherebyV (1) the velocity of air iow to the cylinder casing orjacket may be varied, and thus its volume and pressure increased ordecreased both for satisfying cooling requirements and for subsequentintroduction to the working cylinder,and (2) whereby variable pressuresof air are created and caused to concomitantly regulate the proportionof liquid fuel introduced into the cylinder, and the proportion ofwaterl injected into the cylinder jacket.

Especially, in the case of aeronautical motors, which are required toJfunction under .varying conditions of the atmosphere, ranging fromnormal pressures near the earth. to more tenuous stages at higheraltitudes, difficulty has been experienced in attempting to adapt thepresent day motors for eflicient operation under .all conditions ofatmospheric density. In fact, with respect to the very thin air of highaltitudes, itis doubtful whether others have yet devised means for amplycharging the cylinders with air.

An air compressor is runl by the motor, but means are provided by me,under the control of the operator, whereby the speed of the compressorcan be varied, relatively to the motor speed. so that when operating forexample in the presence of lighter air, the greater activity 0f thecompressor will enable it to supply the requisite volumetric charges foreiiicient power impulses, as well as for the other purposes set up in mysaid former patent.

Other features and advantages of my said invention will hereinafterappear.

l Specification of lllettersIlaatent.`

Patented Sept. 17, 1918.

Application mcd January 28, 1918. Serial No. 214,172.

In the drawing Figure 1 is a side vertical section of a motor having myimprovements. n

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation thereof, and Fig. 3 is a detail plan view, insection, of the compressor.

In the present example of my improved motor, Ijhave shown a cylinder 1,having a cooling jacket 2. The piston, 3, is linked with a cross-head 4by a4 connecting rod 5, said cross-head traveling upon guides 6, and, bymeans of pitman 7, operating a crankshaft 8, which latter may carry oroperate a propeller 9, or otherwise deliver its power.

Thev cylinder in this instance is intended to be double acting, i. e.,provided with upper and lower intake valves, respectively indicated at10 andll, in order that the piston may receive a power impulse for eachstroke, and also said cylinder is provided with two exhaust ports, 12and 13, respectively, to carry 0E the expended power media; Theparticular characteristics and arrangements of these valves and Aexhaustports will be referred to hereinafter.

Mounted upon the crank-case 14 is a compressor 15, which is driven bychange speed mechanism from the crank-shaft 8; a shift l lever 17, to behandled by the operator, servwhich extends outside the valve casing, and

communicates, as by a flexible tube 22, with a water tank 23. lRadialorifices 24 in the valve 2O communicate with the interior of the hollowstem, said orifices normally closing against the valve seat 25 when thevalve is closed, and permitting the passage of water to thejacket,'concurrently with the iniow of air, when the valve is opened. Aneedle valve 26 is provided for the hollow valve stem 21, whoseadjustment regulates the proportion of water, under'any given pressure,that is to be injected into the jacket in the period during which thevalve 20 is open. The valve 20 may be actuated as by a 'bell-crank 27,which is operated by a cam rod 28.

- A pipe 29 communicates from tube 18 rto a liquid fuel tank 30 andwater tank 23.

rIhus equal pressure from the compressor is applied both to the waterand fuel supplies.

Fuel from tank 30 passesuthrough tube 31 to a hollow stem 32 carryingvalve 10, said valve having radially opening orifices 33, which, whenthe valve is open, conduct fuel to lthe cylinder, and which, when thevalve is seated, are closed against the valve-seat. A needle valve 34,in the valve-stem 32, provides adjusting means for regulating the flowof liquid fuel through said hollow stem. The valve 10 may be controlledas by a rocker arm 35, operated as by a camrod 36.

Heated air, or admixture of air and steam, is admitted to the cylinderthrough valve 10 concurrently withthe. fuel, to constitute an explosivecharge, Whose propulsive effect is enhanced through the pressure createdinl the jacket b-y the transference of heat thereto from the cylinder,which also reacts with the exercise of a consequent cooling influenceupon the cylinder'. In this power stroke the piston moves to theopposite end of the cylinder.y For the return stroke of thev piston thevalve 11 opens and admits the expanding pressure of the heated air andsteam from jacket 2 to the other-*side of the piston, and thus thisreturn stroke becomes also a` power stroke, though in lesser degree.

The piston 3 is shown in full lines in Fig. 1, as moving upwardly fromits lower, dotted position, under the influence of the pressure mediumreceived from jacket 2 through valve 11, which has been opened as byrocker arm 37, actuated by cam-rod 38; the piston thence continuing itsmovement to the end of the stroke, indicated by the upper representationin dotted lines. During this stroke of the piston, the exhaust port 13has remained closed, while the exhaust port 12 has been held open forthe escape of burnt gases from the upper end of the cylinder,--theresidue of an exploded charge under the inuence of which the iston hadmade its preceding power stroke 1n the other direction.

While the piston is passin the port 12 lthe valve 10 is opened, where' yliquid fuel with its entry, impregnated with tiny jets of diffusing fuelfrom the radial orifices 33.

The period during which valve`10 remains open is limited to the timeoccupied by the piston in moving to about a point near the upper edge ofthe port 12, said port becoming closed at about the time when Valve l0opens.- The combustible charge which has been admitted to the upperportion or combustion chamber of the cylinder, is then, -in theremainder of the piston stroke, further compressed, prior to ignition asby spark plug 40, to provide the impulse for the return power stroke. p

The exhaustV ports 12 and 13 are respectively controlled by valves, hereindicated as slide-valves 41 and 42. I haveshown the valves 41, 42 asconnected together by a link 43, and actuated by a single cam-rod 44.

The arrangement of said valves is such that' they serve to open one ofthe exhaust ports while closing the other one. the port 12 is closed, asdescribedfin the course of the upward stroke of the .-piston, the port13 has, in the same action, been opened, and thereby the expanded fluidmedium, whose energy had carried the piston through its upstroke, isallowed to escape during the inal portion of said upstroke, and alsoduring the first portion of the I"downwardly returning power stroke.

The exhaust ports may connect ywith a manifold 45, as a common dischargechannel for the expanded products of both power media, and into thischannel I may introduce the nozzle 46 of a relief pipe 47 thatcommunicates with the source of compressed air supply.' Said relief ipeis provided with a safety valve 48, a justable to open when the pressureexceeds cylinderrequirements, and then the overplus pressure is relievedthrough pipe 47, whose nozzle is inclined in the direction of flow takenby the exhaust products, to, by entraininy action, assist in scavengingthe working c ambers of the cylinder, and also to exercise a coolinginfluence upon the exhaust gases.

As will be apparent from the foregoing description, air under equalpressure is delivered by the compressor to the jacket 2, the fuel tank30 and the water tank 23, the degree of pressure varying according tothe speed at which the compressor is driven. Obviously, by means of thechange speed mechanism employed (which may be of any known type), thecompressor speed may be increased or diminished to su1t the motorrequirements, accordin to the density or tenuity of the atmos ere inwhich it is Thus, when i a cooling jacket, of a compressor driven bysaid motor to deliver air to said jacket, to be heated therein, and tobe delivered therefrom to said motor, and manually controlled means forvarying the speed of said compressor relatively to said motor.

3. The combination, with a motor, having a cooling jacket, a liquid fuelsupply to said motor, and a Water supply to said jacket,

of a compressor driven by said motor to deliver air to said jacket andapply pressure upon said fuel and water supplles, means forcommunicating mingled air and water to said motor from sa1d jacket, asheated in the latter, and manually controlled means for varying thespeed of said compressor relatively to said motor. f

4. The combination, with a motor, having a cooling jacket, a liquid fuelsuppl to said motor, and a Water supply to sai jacket,

of a compressor driven by said motor t0 yWater from said jacket, asheated in the latter, alternately to opposite sides of the piston, andmanually controlled: means for varying the speed of said compressorrrela-l tively to said motor.

5. The combination, With a motor, having a cooling jacket, a liquid'fuelsupply to said motor, and a Water supply to said jacket, of a compressordriven by said motory to deliver air to said jacket and 4apply pressureupon said fuel and Water supplies, a double acting piston in said motor,separate means for communicating mingled air and Water from said jacket,as heated in the latter,`

alternately to opposite sides ofthe piston,

separate exhaust means for the powermedia,

and manually controlled means for varying lthe speed of said compressorlrelatively to said motor. s

Signed at'borou h of Manhattan, in the city, county and tate of NewYork, this 26th day of January,fA. D. 1918.

CHRISTOPHER J. LAKE. Witnesses:

F. W.BARKER, A. B. BARKER.

